Human Error Theory in Health Care

Tolerant wellbeing is an essential standard of social insurance. Each progression in social insurance administration contains inborn perilous variables . The blend among most up to date advancements, wellbeing developments and medicines have presented a synergistic improvement in social insurance industry, and changed it into increasingly complex field. This ascent wellbeing dangers which may result from issues practically speaking, methodology and medication and so forth . This Essay will examine the connection between human components and patient security. Definitions Patient security is the decrease of pointless damage related with healthcares to worthy least â€Å"(Runciman ,Hibbert , Thomson , Der Schaaf , Sherman ,Lewalle , 2009) Human blunder in social insurance can be seen by two distinct techniques: â€Å"the individual methodology and the framework approach†, each model has own viewpoints . Understanding these distinctions has a noteworthy down to earth results in s ocial insurance industry and open sights for the board of clinical blunder (Reason, 2000). The individual methodology weight on the perilous demonstration and procedural deviations of nurses,â physicians, pharmacists.It investigations these hazardous goes about as coming about for the most part from degenerate mental capacities, for example, absence of memory & fixation , helpless energy , thoughtlessness, , and recklessness(Reason, 2000) . The related preventive measures are planned essentially at diminishing unsafe irregularity in human execution (Reason, 2000) . While the framework approach knowledge human mistakes as outcomes as opposed to causes, in this way it transfers the purposes behind blunder event on disappointment of hierarchical framework (Reason, 2000).Countermeasures are built up on the hypothesis that in spite of the fact that â€Å"we can't change the human condition, we can modify theâ circumstances under which people work† (Reason, 2000). Human m istake Theory Patients consistently anticipate that wonderful arrangements should every issue. In such desires individuals who get clinical administrations will in general accept that no mix-ups can occur. It is really not really, and it is seen that there are occasions where the clinical mistakes can happen at any stage (Moyen, Camrie, Stelfox, 2008).They can occur if the social insurance supplier picks an improper technique for diagnosing the issue. There is another degree for clinical mistake if the execution part turns out badly, much in the wake of picking the right technique. Thusly, such clinical blunders are just alluded to as the human mistakes in the territory of wellbeing science (Moyen , Camrie ,Stelfox ,2008 ) . The significance of this issue can be seen by the report gave by the American Institute of Medicine.It expressed that US Hospitals been have shocking as there had been passings which were be ‘avoidable’. A few cases were the clinical staff badly des igned, and others were seen that poor people framework was really past the disappointment. The potential imperfections in the framework are there like the helpless correspondence, between the clinical group and among them and the patients; additionally the announcing arrangement of the medical clinic experiences the absence of the coordination in the emergency clinic framework (Taxis & Barber, 2003). .This subject can be better comprehended with connection to the current human blunder hypothesis which consider mistakes are open doors for development and it strikingly feature the idea of blunder, a similar issue was followed by abstract mastermind and logician Francis Bacon(1620), that human brain has consistently thought of the ‘over-generalisations’ which implies that the human psyche consistently have that careless component of recollecting things. This idea itself offers ascend to mistake, since it all of being altogether flawless which isn't possible.The hyp othesis stands generally acknowledged by the British Department of Health, they have moved away from exclusively accusing the people, towards tolerating the way that blunder is something unavoidable ( Runciman ,Hibbert , Thomson , Der Schaaf , Sherman ,Lewalle , 2009) Various abstract researchers, researchers and the analyst have brought up the way that there are some psychological procedures and the numerous upsetting variables in the authoritative condition and the environmental factors that can prompt different mishaps in the medicinal services domain.According to Reason’s understanding for the idea of blunder (1990), it is â€Å"the disappointment of an arranged activity to be finished as proposed †without the mediation of some unforeseeable occasion; or the utilization of an off-base intend to accomplish a point. † This definition was by one way or another exposed to shifted responses, while some acknowledged this chance of the blunder while others thought it was just an appearance for the slip-ups done in a clinical scenario.Though in the contemporary setting this Human Error Theory has picked up fame in light of the fact that the equivalent has been exceptionally in pertinence to the Norman’s thought of mistake, and hence these viewpoints which have been manufactured are the ‘Human Factors’ (Carayon, 2008) Further numerous components have been examined with connection to a similar hypothesis like the slips and the breaches from the memory, the psychological exhibition and so forth (Carayon, 2008). A similar hypothesis is generally acknowledged due to the exact depiction for the human factors yet at the same time a similar stays helpless against the criticism.The same viably draws out that the nursing is a significant factor in medicinal services yet there can be chances for human untrustworthiness where even a similar framework can neglect to recognize those how such mistakes can be maintained a strategic distance from. In any case, the scrutinize of the equivalent has been there on working up the counter-contention that the activity of nursing goes with humanities, in this manner the fundamental human variables which can be controlled like the individual cleanliness like the wearing of the uniform, washing the hands, the utilization of against bacterial and the counter popular methods while taking care of the patients can ensure high disease control (Handler, et al, 2006).The accessibility of the prepared staff which is happy to go to the patients can adequately prompted stop the encouraging of the mistakes. Other human components which can be worked upon by the nursing staff in the emergency clinic can extend from the substantial explanation behind which a medication is being utilized the assortment of the valid and the correct records thusly the best possible documentation of the patient’s disease.These were the evaluates that were made on the different human entertainers which can prompt genuine clinical imperfections (framework) and the results can get lethal (Handler, et al, 2006). Swiss cheddar Model Also, the evaluation of the Swiss Cheese Model is important to comprehend that how the arrangement of the clinical mistakes contains the openings of the blunders. The same the gaps that are available in a Swiss cheddar there are the characteristic openings that are available in the clinical system.This translation of the mistakes is framed based on the Swiss cheddar model, it accentuation on the causes present in the framework as opposed to accusing such a the individual disappointments. In a manner this model has acted so far as a delegate for giving a thought in what capacity can the difficult occasions happen in a medicinal services framework and by what means should they be forestalled. The Swiss Cheese Model adequately brings the noteworthy human elements and the framework factors which sway the social insurance set up and the different quality and the se curity perspectives.The clinical mistakes as indicated by the model have a degree to emerge as a result of the Organizational elements, the dangerous work conditions, the human inclination for the risky activities and the perilous demonstrations. The authoritative impacts are the absence of the administration of the assets that are given in the human services settings like the over the top utilization of the devices which are removed, the inappropriately kept up machines and the absence of coordination among the staff individuals (Reason, 2000).The next is the diverting and the fluctuating workplace of the medical clinic, likewise alluded to as the Organizational atmosphere, similar to the languid staff individuals, the inexpert specialists and the fanatical attendants who are reluctant to take care of the patient’s inquiries. The third persuasive factor is the operational procedure; this records to the approach that is followed for finding, the attendant or the clinical admi nistrator may enjoy either excessively quick handling or the too moderate procedures (Karman, L. , 2008).The outrageous conduct of the clinicians and the human services staff therefore can be alluded to as the tricky in the operational procedure. The translation of the model characterizes that the medicinal services framework ought to be persevering in managing the patients at the correct time and with the privilege organizing, for this the suggested framework by the Swiss Cheese Model where the openings ought to be viewed as the odds where the on-going arrangement or the activity can come up short and the cuts of the cheddar are the ‘defensive layers’ along these lines turning into the security steps or the shields (Karmen, L. 2008).. Consequently, the various layers just go about as the channel, where regardless of whether the mix-up, the mistake or the defect in the activity has happened in the initial step then the equivalent can be caught in the protective layer, l eaving no extension for the blunder to be given to the following level. This is conceivable on the grounds that the following layer would not be having indistinguishable places of the gaps from it was in the past layer.This translation along these lines proliferates the primary thought that however the common inclination of a person to commit errors can't be adjusted yet the remedy can be made at the piece of the arrangement that is being executed with the goal that the odds of the lethal outcomes are adequately limited (Karmen, L. , 2008). End based on the Human Error Theory and the essential Human Factors that are liable for the disappointment of the medicinal services framework, one can presume that the basic audit of Swiss Cheese Model can act the hero numerous patients ho are admitted to the social insurance communities. The inquiry which the investigation has addressed is that ‘Can the human blunders be successfully diminished in the clinical setting? ’ and it app ears that a positi

Notes of a Native Son as a Literature of African-American History Essay

African-American rights were not effortlessly given yet rather earned all through many years of fights. Battles for race correspondence in America have gone serene and fierce. There are various African-Americans (blacks) pioneers and characters who rose up to announce the world their accounts and suppositions. Some of them attempted to enter the governmental issues, some exceeded expectations in scholastics and some committed their time in propagandizing through their scholarly works. James Baldwin is one of the astounding dark scholars whose papers have ground-breaking sway on the social equality battle. This paper means to give knowledge on James Baldwin’s Notes of a Native Son article through looking for realities and examples of African-American history. Regardless setting up the exposition let us take a short audit about the writer’s life story. James Baldwin was conceived on Harlem, New York City in August 2, 1924 and an ill-conceived child of a local specialist. He embraced his last name from his stepfather and was brought up in extraordinary neediness. He started full-time composing on 1943 and delivered different books and expositions like Go Tell It on the Mountain and Notes of a Native Son, individually. The book Notes of a Native Son (1955) is an assortment of his Baldwin’s individual expositions about the social condition of America during the period of Civil Rights Movement. One section of the book is entitled Notes of a Native Son which started with the occasions of August 3, 1943 which is the day we presently know as the Harlem Race Riots. The exposition Notes of a Native Son was themed and designed after the life of James Baldwin particularly his relationship with his folks. Baldwin has blended feelings towards his dad and he attempted to clarify the multifaceted nature of their relationship in his works. He gave an imaginative connection of his encounters with his folks with the continuous open and private happenings in his time. The story was worried in the authentic Harlem Race Riots of 1943, a city-wide mob following the well known Detroit Riot. The Detroit Riot is one of the most fierce mobs in America which went on for very nearly two entire days and took out around 34 lives and done setbacks of wounds and property harms. What is the reason for such uproar? Like what Harlem Riot has, the causes are not explicit. By and large, it was viewed as brought about by perfection of dainty circumstances, for example, tattles, hot tempers and neighbor riots. Whites and blacks were directing their fingers toward one another with respect to who began or incited the battles (Hughes, et al. 104). Like Baldwin’s individual life as allegorically showed in his exposition, his relationship with his folks was tumultuous and there were a few individual issues and makes that set off each persona demonstration the manner in which they were in the story. Baldwin demonstrated his bits of knowledge into the lives of African-Americans after the World War II. The article for the most part talked about the white versus dark uproars consequently it is vital to comprehend the exposition utilizing the history and realities. The story utilized the historical backdrop of Harlem Race Riot, an uproar detonated in New York City precisely at the date of his father’s passing and days before Baldwin’s nineteenth birthday celebration. It isn't far that Harlem turned into a position of uproars in light of the fact that since the turn of twentieth century the spot has been a home to numerous ethnic gatherings including whites and blacks. With the different individuals joining in the spot, expressions and culture has gotten assorted also. Be that as it may, having differing societies cause challenges beside the excellence assorted variety has brought unto them. Challenges, for example, bigotry develop which are communicated n theater, fiction, music, writing and other artistic expressions (â€Å"Harlem History†). Harlem riots have two periods, one of every 1935 and one out of 1943. The two time frames began with an encounter among blacks and the police. In 1943, the mob started with a conflict in a lodging between dark officer Robert Bandy and a cop. The story was misshaped and adaptations like Bandy was slaughtered by the police turned out in tattles. With the disarray and blasting feelings of the blacks, fires broke out and glasses were broken while police attempted to look after control (Gilje 157). On the off chance that we are to look close, there is an example between the mobs in Detroit and Harlem. The feelings of Detroit blacks may be shared by Harlem blacks in this manner made Harlem mob of 1943 more sensational than the first. The one in Harlem was more physical and enthusiastic than the one in Detroit due to the utilization of weapons. In connection with the paper Notes of a Native Son, guardians of Baldwin and the individuals at Harlem were treated as equals. This is the motivation behind why the article was viewed as a self-portraying bit of Baldwin’s life. Baldwin adored and detested his dad simultaneously in light of the fact that his dad gave him basic exercises in life yet exhibited absence of expectation when it comes in blacks battling for social equality. Being a wide peruser and socially cognizant individual, Baldwin didn't have similar feelings with his dad and turned into a social equality advocate. With his wide information on the experiencing of blacks during his time, he came out with bits of knowledge mirroring the estimations of blacks, particularly Harlem individuals. Baldwin’s father can be contrasted and greater part of the blacks during his time. Much the same as the inactive blacks, Baldwin’s father required an occasion that could stir and trigger him to face dark persecution. For Baldwin, it isn't sufficient to simply observe what the current things yet rather it is a lot of significant for individuals to follow up on calling. There was at that point a requirement for an adjustment in American culture and Baldwin was attempting to incite the hearts of blacks to join through his amazing fiction. The fiction isn't really fiction as it filled in as a reflection of Harlem society at his time. The open offer conclusion however there was a need to join them in light of the fact that without unity, the fights won't be genuinely taken and the uproars won't advance change. The differing society gave Harlem issues yet Baldwin utilized its item (incredible writing) as the instrument which can assist them with taking care of the issue. Without the writing Baldwin and other dark writers composed, the open dark won't be progressively careful with their environmental factors. The blacks will keep turning with riots which isn't the main powerful key to shout out for change. Baldwin was fruitful in indicating that his bits of knowledge were not just because of his own encounters. His estimations and bits of knowledge were result of the root issues of the general public. He has the away from of the reasons why blacks need change. His own encounters might be not all that comparable with every other dark however the message he needed them to acknowledge was adequate. Despite the fact that there is no unequivocal or accurate truth about the foundation of Harlem race riots, Baldwin despite everything brought to the open the outline of their issues. With this, beside the artistic ability he appeared, he can be authored as one of the most grounded dark characters during his time. He roused numerous different essayists like Toni Morrison and photograph writer Kevin Brown who established the National James Baldwin Literary Society. With the quantity of existing writers recognizing Baldwin, his inheritance proceeds and the battle of blacks for full social liberties stay alive.

Decision Making. Bachelors Degree

Have you at any point expected to have more than one home PC for you and your family? Do you have at least two PCs, however need to duplicate as well as offer documents or potentially programs between them, yet you don’t know how? Do the entirety of your PCs need Internet get to, however you don’t need to have a telephone line introduced for every one of them? Indeed, you can do the entirety of this. I know, since this is the thing that I did at my home. In the wake of doing research I found that there are a few preferences for having your own Home Computer Network. Following, are a few motivations to do this in your home. In the first place, by having an in-home PC arrange, and a record server, you can have a focal area for putting away the entirety of your data. In this way, on the off chance that you need more than one PC to get to certain data, for example, textual styles, money related records, games, and so forth., you can do this through the system. This additionally kills the requirement for replicating records to floppy diskettes, hand-conveying them to different PCs, and duplicating the documents each floppy in turn to every, individual PC. This would be a moderate procedure, contrasted with a quick system speed. Also, on the off chance that one PC on your system crashes, you can move to another PC and proceed with your work. Along these lines, in the event that you utilize your system and record server adequately, you can have a high level of dependability, security, and productivity. Second, an in-home PC system can permit you to have just a single Internet association while giving Internet access to all PCs on your system. This is significant on the off chance that you just have one telephone line. If you somehow happened to include an extra telephone line for every PC you needed to be associated with the Internet, well, let’s simply state this would be an expensive other option. By utilizing your document server on your system, as a PROXY server, you can simply utilize one telephone line to interface with the Internet. You should simply introduce a little PROXY program that says, â€Å"I am the Internet association for this system. Everyone point their Internet perusing at me!† It’s actually that straightforward. By doing this, it tricks different PCs on your system into feeling that the document server IS the Internet. Notwithstanding being associated through one telephone line, and one PC, your record server can have what is known as a â €Å"Firewall.† This takes out outside interlopers from attacking your system.

Digital Crimes Theories Social Control Theory Research - 1100 Words

Digital Crimes Theories: Social Control Theory Research (Essay Sample) Content: DIGITAL CRIME THEORIESStudents NameProfessors NameInstitution AffiliationDateAbstractDigital crime, otherwise known as cyber-crime is an emerging vice that has been affecting millions of people worldwide. Digital crimes could take the form of hacking into personal email accounts to have access to private and confidential information or even identity theft on social platforms with an aim of committing a crime as someone else. Digital crimes are the ease of carrying out electronic attacks that adds to the temptation for attackers CITATION Kan06 \l 1033 (Panagiotis , Nicholas, Martaos, Kiountouzis, 2006) No one is immune to the dangers of digital crimes. Anyone could get hacked on their personal devices and vital information obtained by the hacker. There are several theories that explain digital crimes. In this paper, I am going to look at two of these theories; Social Control theory and Political Control theory.DIGITAL CRIME THEORIESDigital or cyber-crimes are boun d to happen to anyone that surfs the digital world especially on the internet. What therefore drives someone to commit a digital crime? There are several theories that have been laid out to help us understand this phenomenon of digital crime. Two theories however, the social control and political control theories are vital in this course.Social Control TheoryThis theory was developed by Travis Hirschi in the year 1969 and was originally known as the social bond theory . It tends to ask why people follow the law. According to this theory, people are usually engaged in criminal activities whenever their societal bond weakens Social control theory refers to a perspective which predicts that when social constraints on antisocial behavior are weakened or absent, delinquent behavior emerges  CITATION Hir69 \l 1033 (Hirschi Gottfredson, 1969) This means that, whenever someone feels a sense of lack of connection with the social world, there is a tendency of them engaging in criminal activity. For instance, someone who breaks ties with the social world and rather opts to be alone is more likely to be tempted to try out a criminal activity, and in this case, a digital crime such as hacking personal files belonging to other people. This theory is composed of four concepts: attachment, commitment, involvement and belief.Attachment: The strength of the relationship of an individual with others determines their behavior. The stronger the relationship of an individual with other people, the more likely that they will conform to the law and vice versa.Commitment: The more that an individual gains in being committed to their normal lifestyle such as raising their family and getting a normal job, the more he or she will eventually lose if they engage in criminal activities.Involvement: An individual who engages themselves in law-abiding activities more often will seldom engage in criminal activities since criminal activities do not form their normal routine of life but just lawful activities.Belief: This component mainly relates to a persons upbringing. People raised in a law abiding society will always be law-abiding and will not be engaged in crime since they were taught that crime is not good.Political Control TheoryThis theory holds the view that the society is divided into two or more classes with competing views and ideologies. The classes with more power or rather those that are in authority and have political control usually make the laws of the society which form a basis of control for the other class of people. There may tend to be a difference in ideology between those being ruled and their rulers. Since those being ruled lack the power to make rules of the land as per their preference, they usually tend to engage in deviant activities against the law. These activities are therefore viewed as criminal activities by the ruling class. This theory seeks to give a broader meaning to the concepts of law and justice. There is usually a form o f conflict between those in power and those being ruled. For instance, there may be a digital crime attack committed against the government in order to expose it by anti-government groups and eventually overthrow the government. There may also be crimes committed by the government to control anti-government groups. Both of these are criminal activities and the justification of each of them solely depends on which side you are on.Another theory explaining the causes of digital and non-digital crimesIn addition to these two theories, there is another theory that explains causes of digital and non-digital crimes, which is ...

Medias Role in Anorexia - 796 Words

Media’s Role in Anorexia Many individual’s today would argue that most health problems develop from media. For example, the Modeling Industry is mainly nothing but tall and very slender women. Most would agree that adolescent females see the size of most models and assume that is what is considered beauty. Media does not promote anorexia to distort women’s body images. Most women that starve themselves do not do it because of television, movies, or magazines, etc. They starve themselves to make them feel better and to uplift their self-esteem. Media does not play a role in anorexia because of three main reasons: environmental factors, exercising, and dieting. One reason media does not play a role in anorexia is because of environmental factors. Howard Steiger, the director of the eating disorders program at McGill University, research has shown that â€Å"Eating disorders are a product of epigenetics . . .† (Cresswell 1). This means that not everyone is susceptible to the eating disorder of anorexia, and that it is a genetic disorder. Steiger also continued to say, â€Å"People do not develop eating disorders because they are . . . weak-willed, but because they carry measurable susceptibilities that may or may not be activated by various pressures in the environment† (Cresswell 1). Many people and parents often wonder â€Å"What did I do wrong?† when in actuality it has nothing to do with them and we now have evidence and facts to prove that. However, on the other hand, Judy Siegel’sShow MoreRelatedAnorexia Nervosa As A Culture Bound Syndrome1440 Words   |  6 Pagesering from Anorexia-Nervosa within western countries, compared to that of 3.2% of females suffering from Anorexia-Nervosa in non western countries (DiNicola 1990:253), it is not surprising that Anorexia Nervosa has been labeled a Culture-Bound Syndrome. There have been three prominent hypotheses as to why this particular disease is considered so. The most prominent of these hypotheses is that westernized media’s ideologies of thinness and beauty have influenced young females into developing a â€Å"fat-phobiaRead MoreMedia s Effect On Society s Perceptions Of Women s Body Image1474 Words   |  6 PagesMedia’s effect on society’s perceptions of women’s body image causes mental health issues Part 1: 1. Group Topic Our group’s main topic explores women’s mental health and the issues around it that affect women socially, politically, and economically. 2. Individual Subject †¨ In the beginning of my report I was researching juvenile women affected by mental disorders and media’s influence on it. I had several disorders I was going to discuss, however, I became embedded into the subject surroundingRead MoreMass Media s Influence On Body Image1414 Words   |  6 PagesMass Media’s Influence on Body Image Over the years a debate over who is to blame over the decline in how girls perceive themselves has arisen. With Photoshop being the societal norm concerning the media, it has become difficult for many to understand where the line between real and near impossible standards lies. Youths see an image edited to â€Å"perfection† and strive to reach the standards that they imagine due to the images displayed on magazines, television and social media. From Disney to magazinesRead MoreAnalysis Of Disney s The Outer Shell Of Innocence 1427 Words   |  6 PagesDisney movies. In many of the films, conventional representations of female gender roles are conveyed to young female viewers. An unrealistic representation of the ideal female figure and inaccurate racial depictions are also illustrated in numerous films and princess paraphernalia. Young girls often identify with these beloved characters, thereby affecting the way they conceive beliefs regarding their future roles in soci ety. (Bispo) Disney follows society s expectations of stereotypical beautyRead MoreDo Teenagers Place Too Much Importance On Their Appearance?1175 Words   |  5 Pagesdevelopment. However, the media and magazines are other resources that set high standards that influence our teens in a negative way. Lastly, teenager’s self- criticism is what breaks them and strides them into negative behavior in order to meet the media’s standard. During the adolescent years of a teenager, their body is experiencing sexual and growth sprout development. A common example is physical growth in teenagers (Eveleth Tanner, 1990; Jolicceur Pontier, Abidi 1992.) Examples are hair growthRead MoreBeauty Is Good Essay522 Words   |  3 Pagespressures let to negative impact on them and in many cases have even lead to eating disorders. It also takes a look at the media’s impact on the American discourse of women’s bodies, women in power and the effect of internalization of being sold the same standards of what women should be, year after year. The influence of the media on the proliferation of eating disorders such as anorexia or bulimia nervosa cannot be physical proven. Buts statics and studies have found that exposure to mass media is correlatedRead MoreTeenage Girls and Body Image Essay1291 Words   |  6 Pagesteenagers. Teenagers look to the media for a sense of entertainment. Whether it is movies, magazines, or even some aspects of social media, teenagers get a lot of influence from the media’s message. The problem with this is the media has a specific way of doing things and can be negative to a susceptible teenage girl. Media’s way of portraying a woman can be skewed and unrealistic way from what reality is. Teenage girls then have a desire for this look or way. In this essay the three ways I will describeRead More Eating Disorders Essay1625 Words   |  7 Pagesherself as fat. Picture her parents watching their daughter literally disintegrating into thin air. This is the life of a family dealing with an eating disorder. Eating disorders are a major problem with the young people of todays society. While anorexia and bulimia are sociological problems plaguing the worlds youth, there are also other eating disorders. This quot;fat phobiaquot;, or fear of being over-weight, disturbs people to the point where they are in a way, committing suicide. EatingRead MoreMedia’s Blow on Anorexia1054 Words   |  5 PagesMedia’s Blow on Anorexia About one in 200 persons in the United States will develop anorexia nervosa at some time. Ninety Percent are women (Anorexia Nervosa—Part 1 1). Anorexia is defined as an emotional disorder characterized by refusing to diet or eat. This is targeting young girls all across the world! This calamity is struck by something every person loves, social media. The media realm needs to be ceased from the websites that support dieting, celebrities displaying perfectionist bodiesRead MoreThe Detrimental Effects of Anorexia on the Body and Mind 1103 Words   |  5 Pagesrarely occurs naturally and to pursue that ultra-thin physique at any cost.† Anorexia is the third most common chronic illness among young women. Furthermore, one in every ten people with anorexia will die from a complication brought on by the disorder. Although Anorexia is a mental illness, it is most common in teenage females because it is incited by the media through the fashion industry and pro-anorexia website s. Anorexia is a mental illness that can be identified by its victims starving themselves

Essay about Pro-Choice Doesnt Mean Pro-Abortion - 758 Words

Under the 14th Amendments personal liberty, women are given the right to obtain an abortion. Almost 50% of all pregnancies in this country are unintended, including over 30% within marriage. And over half of all unplanned pregnancies end in abortion. Improved access to contraception would address the source causes of unintended pregnancy and would diminish the need for abortion, but not abolish the choice. A widespread misconception with the pro-life, pro-choice dispute is that pro-choice means â€Å"for abortion†. Pro-choice plainly means women have the right to chose what they want and no one can chose for them. â€Å"I have met thousands and thousands of pro-choice men and women. I have never met anyone who is†¦show more content†¦Adoption is not an alternative to abortion, because it remains the womans choice whether or not to give her child up for adoption. Statistics show that very few women who give birth choose to give up their babies. Less than 3% of white u nmarried women and less than 2% of black unmarried women give up their babies for adoption. Many people think that having an abortion is unsafe, that is entirely untrue if you have the right medical attention an abortion is a very save procedure. Today abortion under modern hospital conditions is safer than childbirth. The majority of women who have an abortion do so in their first trimester (88%). Medical abortions have less than 0.5% risk of serious complications and do not affect a womans health or future ability to become pregnant later on in life. Even if abortion were made illegal, there would still be many abortions. Approximately 8% of women go to some kind of non-medical abortionist which is very unsafe. That percentage would rise highly if abortions were made illegal, as would the number of deaths from abortions. On June 18, 1989 CNN World Report, stated that in Brazil there are 6 million illegal abortions each year and 400,000 women died. This is an actual example of what would happen if abortion was made illegal. 77% of pro life leaders are men, 100% of them will never be pregnant. The pro-life argues that abortion killing a human life, but that is an only an opinion. No oneShow MoreRelatedPro-Choice Doesnt Mean Pro-Abortion Essay1536 Words   |  7 PagesAbortion is one of the most contentious and talked about topics of our time. It is discussed in classrooms, work places, on the internet, and now among government officials. Abortion has been a very controversial subject over the past couple years. This is mainly because there is no middle ground; a person is either pro-life or pro-choice. The effects abortion has on people can be very severe but commonly go unnoticed. Although abortion causes a great deal of negative effects on our society,Read MoreIs Abortion Morally Wrong?1704 Words   |  7 Pagesthe legalities apply to the process of abortion. In this debate, most people usually connect with either the â€Å"pro-life† argument, o r the â€Å"pro-choice† argument. Before developing a position, it is important to understand both sides of the argument and weigh the consequences of each. The common ground between the two is often mistaken, making it difficult for people to find their position. People who support banishing legal abortions are usually referred to as â€Å"pro-lifers.† They usually believe in standingRead MoreAbortion : A Controversial Issue1256 Words   |  6 PagesAbortion is a very controversial issue. To first start out abortion is the deliberate termination of a woman’s pregnancy, most often performed within the first 22 weeks of pregnancy. People can either be pro-choice or pro-life for abortion. Being pro-choice means that people believe that it is a woman’s choice to get an abortion if they want one. Pro-life means people believe no matter what if a woman is pregnant they should have the baby; no abortion. I intent to explain why women who get pregnantRead MorePro-Life or Pro-Choice1455 Words   |  6 Pages Is abortion right? Should it be legal? The arguments and laws for abortion have been going on since the early eighteen hundreds. Some people believe that the woman having the baby should be able to choose to have an abort ion or not. More arguments arose about when a fetus was considered a baby and, if legal, when is abortion appropriate. Another major argument regarding abortion is whether or not a fetus can feel pain. Others think that they should have the baby and either keep it or give itRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Mother And Abortion 1115 Words   |  5 PagesBen hudson Professor Lopez ENGL 1302 7-29-17 â€Å"The Mother† and Abortion Today, we read literature from all eras, from Shakespeare to James Baldwin. Literature imbeds social, political, and ethical problems and or ideals. This is especially true in poetry where symbolism empowers the writing. 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Strategic Information System Of Westpac Banking Group - Samples

Question: Discuss about the Strategic Information System Of Westpac Banking Group. Answer: Introduction This report is conducted to determine the use of Accounting Information Systems and ERP System in the banking sector. In order to clearly portray the study, Westpac Banking Group is chosen to deeply understand their business processes and their requirements of the various systems in order to achieve their goals and growth (Swalhah, 2014). The impact of using such systems will also be stated in the study. In this study, a deeper analysis will be conducted and certain risks and issues connected with the implementation of the systems in the organization along with the recommendations will also be discussed. The report outlines all the possible outcomes in order to have a better understanding of the research topic. Business Processes The business processes of any organization can be determined by its functions. This study revolves around, the Westpac Banking Group. Thereby, it is important to first have a deep knowledge regarding the bank. The Westpac Bank is the largest and the first Australian Bank, which has its headquarters in Sydney, Australia. It is one of the Australias big four banks. This bank was founded in the year 1817 and currently has 14,000 branches along with 32,569 employees working in them. This bank has its operations in various countries. The bank aims at providing the best financial services to its customers. The banks vision is to provide high returns to its shareholders and build high and good customer relationships. This bank provides a comprehensive framework of various financial products and services to assist and convince the customers. This bank serves a large number of customers globally (Driga Dura, 2014). Coming to the business process of the Westpac Group, the functions of bank are divided into two parts: Primary and Secondary functions. The primary functions are accepting the deposits from fixed deposits, saving accounts and also granting advances. The secondary functions of the bank are divided into two categories: agency and utility services. The agency function refers to the functions provided by the bank on being an agent. The bank acts as an agent for its customers. The utility function of the bank refers to as the functions relating to issuing of drafts, letter of credits, currency exchange, locker facilities and etc. All such functions are performed by every bank along with their additional services (Westpac Banking Corporation , 2017). From the chart below, a clear picture can be obtained. These are the basic functions performed by the Westpac bank, but various additional financial services are provided by the bank to its business clients and customers. The bank aims at providing the superannuation services, funds management, insurance, investment banking and etc. All these are the additional services, which are not included in the primary and secondary functions of the banks. Thereby, it is clear that the Westpac bank has a huge business process, which satisfies its customers by providing them with financial assistance (Biggar, 2005). Business Requirements This report is concerned with the study of the banking institution, thereby, it is important to understand the business requirements in the Westpac Bank in order to perform its functions. The banks aim at providing the financial services to its customers and for that they need a setup, which helps them in operating. The banks have infinite business activities to perform on a daily basis, thereby, their business requirements are quite big and large, which has to be fulfilled in order to compete with the dynamic technological environment. The banks require various core technology platforms in order to conduct their business activities (Mwenje, 2013). With the increase in the innovation in the technology, the banks have to develop a platform, which can support their business activities. The banking system has to stay updated all the time in order to understand the needs of their customers as well as the stakeholders. The advent of information technology has brought huge challenges for b anks in providing the services to its clients. The banks have to stay connected with its customers by developing huge information systems in order to fulfil their needs and all this is possible by developing the Accounting Information Systems in the banking sector. Such systems have helped the banks in providing services to its customers and also in gaining competitive advantage over the other market leaders. The banks are consistently aiming at increasing their productivity and efficiency by adopting the innovations in information technology (Daniela, 2007). System Requirements The rapid change in technology has encouraged certain system requirements in the banks. The Westpac bank has been consistently aiming at taking the charge of digital banking in order to fulfil the needs of the customers. The banks have a huge amount of data, which is to be stored and maintained as secrecy, thereby, the banks require reliable softwares in order to face the competition and protect the data from cyber attacks. Various innovations in the technologies have led the banks to adopt such technologies like big data system in order to handle their data. The Westpac banking group also has adopted cloud technology in order to keep pace with the technologies and other market leaders. There are numerous reasons as to why the banks must adopt the systems and based on their activities, system is required for them to commence their business (Kesharwani, 2005). The Westpac Bank must adopt the system, which integrates all the data, provides a massive network in order to stay connected w ith other operating branches and aligns with the various functions of the bank. For all such activities, only one system is recommended, which will help in performing such activities and will also increase the productivity of the bank, i.e., the ERP System. This system is the solution for all other problems. Although the installation and implementation of this system is quite difficult, but this system has provided the banks with an effective digital framework to work within (ATkearney, 2015). Software and the vendor selection Innovation in technology has increased the number of softwares that are available for the banks to perform their functions. The softwares like Finacle, EBANQ, SecurePaymentz, Cashbook, Temenos T24 and etc. Are available in the market for the banking sector. All such softwares have the ability to handle the various operations of the banks, but installing the best platform is the main idea (Capgemini, 2016). The Westpac Bank must definitely aim at installing the best software and the vendor that provides that software. But the best system for the bank is to develop the ERP System in order to prevail the best services. It highly depends on the vendor the bank selects in order to install the platform. Thereby, the Westpac Bank must also select the best vendor for implementing the ERP system in their business operations. Also, the ERP System is the single vendor system, which will be a very cost effective system to be implemented in the bank (Holland Wills, 2000). The SAP for ERP system is the suitable vendor for the Westpac bank. This system is usually adopted by all the banks and is considered as the easiest and cost effective system of software. The system helps in generating various services to the customers, which increases the profitability of the bank. This system will build an effective digital infrastructure, which can be easily understood by the employees of the Westpac bank. The banks are increasingly adopting this system and vendor as this has helped the banks in bridging the gaps of technology and has helped in increasing the efficiency and effectiveness of the banks (SAP Team, 2013). Ways of utilizing technology to gain business efficienc The banks have consistently adopted the various ways of technology in order to increase their productivity, efficiency and competitive advantage. It is very important to know the way the Westpac bank must utilize the ERP technology in order to gain efficiency in their business operations. Following are some certain ways to utilize the technology: Information and Communication: Through innovations in technology, the banks can utilize the technology for communicating with its employees easily across the globe without any geographical barriers. Funds Transfer: The technology has helped the banks and the customers in transferring the funds electronically from anywhere and at anytime. The banks can easily grant such services, which increasing the customer satisfaction (Arabyat, 2014). Online banking: This helps in providing the services to customers, where they can pay the bills and perform various transactions electronically. The customers can make payment of cash without having a direct contact with the supplier. The ease in banking has increased the efficiency. Customer engagement: The banks through technology can target customers through social media and various other forms of technology, which enables a large number of clients for the banks that helps in increasing the customer base of the bank. Automated clearing services: The banks can easily use the technologies like MICR technique in order to ease the cheque transactions. It helps in the easy flow of cheque and reduces the faults of clearing the cheques. The cheque transactions have been eased due to the use of technology (Oluwatolani, et al., 2011). Accounting System: Through the use of information technology, the accounting systems and standards have been changed and have shifted from the traditional use to modern use. The accounting standards have been regulated and have become easy to formulate due to the use of technologies. Smart selling: The use of technology has helped the banks in knowing the needs of the customers and the banks can easily provide the services to the customers according to their specific needs and desires. This has helped the banks in gaining customer loyalty as well. Efficient employees: The technological services have helped the banks in training their employees, according to the needs of the banks and the manual system of work has been shifted to the electronic system, which reduces the burden of the employees and make the employees efficient and effective. Infrastructure: The technology can be easily utilized to build an effective digital framework within the bank, which supports the innovations in technology and helps in competing in the technological environment (Ho Mallick, 2006). Time and space effectiveness: The technology used in the banks has reduced the space and time constraints. The technologies can be utilized to store huge amount of data of the banks and has helped the banks in performing speedy transactions without any limitations. Efficiency achieved from technology implementation The Westpac will and has achieved high efficiency levels after the implementation of the various technology systems in their banks. The ERP system and other technologies have increased the productivity and efficiency levels of the banks across the globe. The ERP system helps in the integration of all the data and protects the data. The technology has helped the Westpac Bank in facilitating the information systems everywhere in order to reach to its customers and employees. The system helps in reducing the labor expenses as they are trained and developed according to the needs of banks and has also helped in improving the customer relationships (Ovidiu Dascalu, 2010). The operational costs of the bank have reduced due to the installation of a single ERP system, all the activities are performed on a single system. The day-to-day activities are easily managed and implemented by the Westpac bank, which also increases the sales of the bank. The effective management of the services also h elps in increasing the productivity and profitability levels. The use of technology has helped in gaining customer satisfaction and loyalty as the banks are able to provide the services on time as per the needs of the customers. The integration of the data and operations through the use of ERP system, the banks have been able to improve their accounting system and claims. The ERP system has reshaped the business process of the Westpc Bank and has also brought automation in the business processes. Thereby, all such factors have contributed in gaining high efficiency levels by using the technology systems in the banks. The ERP system has increased the productivity and efficiency levels of the banks worldwide (Tilahun Tafa, 2016). Potential Risks Technology has undoubtedly increased the efficiency and effectiveness of the banks, but the use of technology has also caused serious threats in the banking sector. With the numerous advantages of using technology systems, there are various risks involved in the usage of technology in the banks. The Westpac bank must consider potential risks that are related to the implementation of technology in the banking sector. The implementation of ERP system involves huge cost along with the customization, configuration and consulting services in order to install the system in the banks (Vayyavur, 2015). The installing of ERP system in the banks requires a lot of time, which disrupts the operational activities of the bank for a very long time. Also, the implementation of ERP system in the banks may not align with the objectives and goals of the organization, which is another biggest risk. Risk is involved if the ERP system is implemented in the bank only because of the trend in the market. Lac k of technical knowledge and skills in the banks result in the failure of ERP system deployed in the banks. Insufficient knowledge to the customers regarding to the use of the system can also pose a serious threat to the efficiency levels of the bank. Risk is involved, if any failure in the ERP system is caused, the network system of the bank will completely break down. The risk is also involved with the lack awareness among the banks and the people about the innovations in the technology. Lot of resources are required for the implementation of this system, which is not possible for all the banks to attain and manage. Thereby, it is clear that various risks are involved with the use of technology systems in the banks (Mukti Rawani, 2016). Mitigation Strategies It is very important to take remedial measures in order to protect the banks from the potential risks associated with the implementation of the ERP system. The Westpac bank must take into account the measures to overcome the risks and threats involved with the usage of the technology system in the bank. The foremost step to overcome the risk from the implementation of the ERP system is to identify the business process of the bank and then mold the technology system according to the process of the organization. Secondly, the banks must have flexible and agile business applications in order to change their processes according to the needs of the technology system (Aloini, et al., 2007). Third, the risk can also overcome by the continuous alignment of the business processes of the bank with the ERP system. The continuous supervision will help in handling the potential risk. Fourth step is to encrypt the sensitive data and information of the bank in order to protect it from the misuse of the hackers. The banks must adopt a holistic approach towards the safety of the bank. Fifth step is to monitor the employees and customers in order to foresee any potential risk. If any risk is ascertained, it should be immediately addressed. Sixth step is to provide full knowledge and information to the employees and the customers regarding the usage of the ERP and other technology systems in the banks (Ramco Corporation, 2005). Also, the banks must keep themselves updated with latest technologies in order to overcome the risks and this will also help them in gaining competitive advantage. Therefore, these are some ways through which the potential risks involved with the implementation of the ERP system can be mitigated. Conclusion This report was conducted in order to understand the business process, system and business requirements of the Westpac Bank in order to adopt the technology system. This study has deeply explained the suitable technology system for the Westpac Bank. The ERP system is the most beneficial system for the bank to gain efficiency and productivity in their operations. This report has outlined all the possible outcomes that the Westpac Bank must consider while implementing the ERP System in their operations. It can be easily concluded that the advent of information technology and various innovations have changed the overall outlook of doing business and has provide the banks with numerous benefits. The ERP system through SAP is the most suitable system for the Westpac bank in order to achieve profit and efficiency. The use of technology in the banks has also caused various threats and risks, which are illustrated in the study. The Westpac Bank must adopt the mitigation strategies in order t o overcome the potential risks involved with the implementation of the ERP system. This study has portrayed all the necessary topics for completing the business research. References Aloini, D., Dulmin, R. Mininno, V., 2007. Risk management in ERP project introduction: Review of the literature. Information Management, Volume 44, p. 547567. Arabyat, Y., 2014. Towards Improving Efficiency in Banking Sector using Information Technology. Research Journal of Finance and Accounting, 5(8), pp. 1-9. ATkearney, 2015. Banking on our future: Framing a visionfor the Australian banking industry, Available at: https://www.atkearney.in/documents/10192/4583346/Banking+on+Our+Future.pdf/de7b0429-2bc6-41b5-b8e4-e336436b35a4 Biggar, D., 2005. An increasing role for competition in the regulation of banks, Available at: https://www.internationalcompetitionnetwork.org/uploads/library/doc382.pdf Capgemini, 2016. 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SAP Corporate Connectivity for Banking, Available at: https://help.sap.com/doc/c32b8f5cd05f41bfa171ce423e1fe598/1.0/en-US/SAP_Corporate_Connectivity_for_Banking_Application_Help.pdf Swalhah, A., 2014. The role of Accounting Information Systems (A.I.S.) in rationalized Administrative Decision- making (field study) Jordanian banks. Interdisciplinary Journal Of Contemporary Research In Business, June, 6(2), pp. 8-17. Tilahun, A. Tafa, M., 2016. The Impact of Electronic Banking on Customers Satisfaction in Ethiopian Banking Industry (The Case of Customers of Dashen and Wogagen Banks in Gondar City). Journal of Business Financial Affairs, 5(2), pp. 1-18. Vayyavur, R., 2015. ERP Implementation Challenges Critical Organizational Success Factors. International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, 5(4), pp. 1-8. Westpac Banking Corporation , 2017. Our strategy and vision. [Online] Available at: https://www.westpac.com.au/about-westpac/westpac-group/company-overview/our-strategy-vision/